Neutral oxygen is divalent (bonded to two other atoms) with two unshared pairs of electrons in an approximate tetrahedral geometry (sp3 hybridization).

Neutral chlorine is monovalent, with three unshared pairs of electrons.

Neutral oxygen is divalent (bonded to two other atoms) with two unshared pairs of electrons. In this molecule the oxygen is sp2, and the two unshared pairs of electrons are trigonal, relative to the carbon-oxygen double bond.

Neutral nitrogen is trivalent (bonded to three other atoms) with one unshared pairs of electrons. In this molecule the nitrogen is sp2, and the unshared pair of electrons are trigonal, relative to the carbon-nitrogen bonds.

Unshared Pairs of Electrons and Formal Charges

In your workbook, redraw each of the structures on the left carefully showing all unshared pairs of electrons.

Click the mouse on the molecule to view the correct answer.