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4-Aminopyridine
CASRN 504-24-5
Contents
0440
4-Aminopyridine; CASRN 504-24-5
Health assessment information on a chemical substance is included in IRIS only
after a comprehensive review of chronic toxicity data by U.S. EPA health
scientists from several Program Offices and the Office of Research and
Development. The summaries presented in Sections I and II represent a
consensus reached in the review process. Background information and
explanations of the methods used to derive the values given in IRIS are
provided in the Background Documents.
STATUS OF DATA FOR 4-Aminopyridine
File On-Line 12/01/1989
Category (section) Status Last Revised
----------------------------------------- -------- ------------
Oral RfD Assessment (I.A.) no data
Inhalation RfC Assessment (I.B.) no data
Carcinogenicity Assessment (II.) on-line 07/01/1993
_I. CHRONIC HEALTH HAZARD ASSESSMENTS FOR NONCARCINOGENIC EFFECTS
__I.A. REFERENCE DOSE FOR CHRONIC ORAL EXPOSURE (RfD)
Substance Name -- 4-Aminopyridine
CASRN -- 504-24-5
Not available at this time.
__I.B. REFERENCE CONCENTRATION FOR CHRONIC INHALATION EXPOSURE (RfC)
Substance Name -- 4-Aminopyridine
CASRN -- 504-24-5
Not available at this time.
_II. CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT FOR LIFETIME EXPOSURE
Substance Name -- 4-Aminopyridine
CASRN -- 504-24-5
Last Revised -- 07/01/1993
Section II provides information on three aspects of the carcinogenic
assessment for the substance in question; the weight-of-evidence judgment of
the likelihood that the substance is a human carcinogen, and quantitative
estimates of risk from oral exposure and from inhalation exposure. The
quantitative risk estimates are presented in three ways. The slope factor is
the result of application of a low-dose extrapolation procedure and is
presented as the risk per (mg/kg)/day. The unit risk is the quantitative
estimate in terms of either risk per ug/L drinking water or risk per ug/cu.m
air breathed. The third form in which risk is presented is a drinking water
or air concentration providing cancer risks of 1 in 10,000, 1 in 100,000 or 1
in 1,000,000. The rationale and methods used to develop the carcinogenicity
information in IRIS are described in The Risk Assessment Guidelines of 1986
(EPA/600/8-87/045) and in the IRIS Background Document. IRIS summaries
developed since the publication of EPA's more recent Proposed Guidelines for
Carcinogen Risk Assessment also utilize those Guidelines where indicated
(Federal Register 61(79):17960-18011, April 23, 1996). Users are referred to
Section I of this IRIS file for information on long-term toxic effects other
than carcinogenicity.
__II.A. EVIDENCE FOR CLASSIFICATION AS TO HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY
___II.A.1. WEIGHT-OF-EVIDENCE CLASSIFICATION
Classification -- D; not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity
Basis -- No human data and no animal data available.
___II.A.2. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA
None.
___II.A.3. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA
None. No data were available to assess the carcinogenic potential of 4-
aminopyridine.
___II.A.4. SUPPORTING DATA FOR CARCINOGENICITY
4-Aminopyridine was negative in reverse mutation assays in Salmonella
typhimurium (Ogawa et al., 1986; Wakabayashi et al., 1982). Ogawa et al.
(1986) tested the mutagenicity of 4-aminopyridine in S. typhimurium strains
TA98, TA100, TA1537 and TA2637; 4-aminopyridine was not mutagenic both alone
and in the presence of cobalt (II) chloride (study data not reported).
[Cobalt (II) chloride was found to enhance the mutagenicity of other
heteroaromatic compounds (i.e., 9-aminoacridine, 4-aminoquinoline and harman)
in Salmonella.] In the Wakabayashi et al. (1982) study, 4-aminopyridine at
concentrations of up to 2 mg/plate in the presence or the absence of S9
hepatic homogenates or in the presence of norharman, a tryptophan pyrolysate
(200 ug/plate), was not mutagenic for S. typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100.
__II.B. QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATE OF CARCINOGENIC RISK FROM ORAL EXPOSURE
None.
__II.C. QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATE OF CARCINOGENIC RISK FROM INHALATION EXPOSURE
None.
__II.D. EPA DOCUMENTATION, REVIEW, AND CONTACTS (CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT)
___II.D.1. EPA DOCUMENTATION
Source Document -- U.S. EPA, 1989
The 1989 Health and Environmental Effects Document for 4-aminopyridine has
received OHEA review.
___II.D.2. REVIEW (CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT)
Agency Work Group Review -- 05/30/1989, 07/25/1991
Verification Date -- 05/30/1989
___II.D.3. U.S. EPA CONTACTS (CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT)
Please contact the Risk Information Hotline for all questions concerning this
assessment or IRIS, in general, at (513)569-7254 (phone), (513)569-7159 (FAX)
or RIH.IRIS@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV (internet address).
_VI. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Substance Name -- 4-Aminopyridine
CASRN -- 504-24-5
Last Revised -- 12/01/1989
__VI.A. ORAL RfD REFERENCES
None
__VI.B. INHALATION RfD REFERENCES
None
__VI.C. CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT REFERENCES
Ogawa, H.I., K. Sakata, T. Inouye et al. 1986. Combined mutagenicity of
cobalt(II) salt and heteroaromatic compounds in Salmonella typhimurium.
Mutat. Res. 172(2): 97-104.
U.S. EPA. 1989. Health and Environmental Effects Document for 4-
Aminopyridine. Prepared by the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment,
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH for the Office of
Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, DC.
Wakabayashi, K., T. Yahagi, M. Nagao and T. Sugimura. 1982. Comutagenic
effect of norharman with aminopyridine derivatives. Mutat. Res. 105(4): 205-
210.
_VII. REVISION HISTORY
Substance Name -- 4-Aminopyridine
CASRN -- 504-24-5
-------- -------- --------------------------------------------------------
Date Section Description
-------- -------- --------------------------------------------------------
12/01/1989 II. Carcinogen summary on-line
12/01/1989 VI. Bibliography on-line
12/01/1991 II.A.1. Basis statement replaced
12/01/1991 II.A.4. Text replaced
12/01/1991 II.D.2. Review date of 07/25/1991 added
01/01/1992 IV. Regulatory Action section on-line
07/01/1993 II.D.1. Source document year corrected
VIII. SYNONYMS
Substance Name -- 4-Aminopyridine
CASRN -- 504-24-5
Last Revised -- 12/01/1989
504-24-6
4-AMINOPYRIDINE
GAMMA-AMINOPYRIDINE
P-AMINOPYRIDINE
P-AMINOPYRIDINE
4-AP
AVITROL
AVITROL 200
4-PYRIDINAMINE
PYRIDINE, 4-AMINO-
4-PYRIDYLAMINE
RCRA WASTE NUMBER P008
UN 2671
VMI 10-3
Last updated: 5 May 1998
URL: http://www.epa.gov/iris/SUBST/0440.HTM
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